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- Access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking (% of population)
- Access to electricity (% of population) Scorecard
- Access to electricity, rural (% of rural population)
- Adjusted savings, natural resources depletion (% of GNI)
- Adjusted savings, net forest depletion (% of GNI)
- Agricultural land (% of land area)
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- Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources)
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- Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Agriculture (Mt CO2e)
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- Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Industrial Processes (Mt CO2e)
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- Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Transport (Energy) (Mt CO2e)
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- Carbon dioxide (CO2) net fluxes from LULUCF - Deforestation (Mt CO2e)
- Carbon dioxide (CO2) net fluxes from LULUCF - Forest Land (Mt CO2e)
- Carbon dioxide (CO2) net fluxes from LULUCF - Organic Soil (Mt CO2e)
- Carbon dioxide (CO2) net fluxes from LULUCF - Other Land (Mt CO2e)
- Carbon dioxide (CO2) net fluxes from LULUCF - Total excluding non-tropical fires (Mt CO2e)
- Carbon intensity of GDP (kg CO2e per 2021 PPP $)
- Carbon intensity of GDP (kg CO2e per constant 2021 US$ of GDP)
- Cause of death, by communicable diseases and maternal, prenatal and nutrition conditions (% of total)
- Children in employment, total (% of children ages 7-14)
- Coastal protection
- Control of Corruption - Governance estimate (approx. -2.5 to +2.5)
- Cooling Degree Days
- Domestic comprehensive wealth index (real chained 2019 US$)
- Domestic comprehensive wealth per capita index (real chained 2019 US$)
- Economic and Social Rights Performance Score
- Electricity production from coal sources (% of total)
- Energy imports, net (% of energy use)
- Energy intensity level of primary energy (MJ/$2021 PPP GDP)
- Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita)
- Fertility rate, total (births per woman)
- Fluorinated greenhouse gases (F-gases) emissions from Industrial Processes (Mt CO2e)
- Food production index (2014-2016 = 100)
- Foreign assets (real chained 2019 US$)
- Foreign assets per capita (real chained 2019 US$)
- Foreign liabilities (real chained 2019 US$)
- Foreign liabilities per capita (real chained 2019 US$)
- Forest area (% of land area)
- Fossil fuel energy consumption (% of total)
- GDP (annual % growth)
- GDP (annual % growth)
- GDP (current US$)
- GDP per capita (current US$)
- Gini index Scorecard
- Government Effectiveness - Governance estimate (approx. -2.5 to +2.5)
- Government expenditure on education, total (% of government expenditure)
- Heat Index 35
- Heating Degree Days
- Hospital beds (per 1,000 people)
- Human capital (real chained 2019 US$)
- Human capital index plus (HCI+): overall score, total (scale 0–325)
- Human capital per capita (real chained 2019 US$)
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- Human capital, female (real chained 2019 US$)
- Human capital, male (real chained 2019 US$)
- Income share held by lowest 20%
- Individuals using the Internet (% of population) Scorecard
- Inflation, consumer prices (annual % growth)
- Labor force participation rate, total (% of total population ages 15-64) (modeled ILO estimate)
- Land Surface Temperature
- Level of water stress: freshwater withdrawal as a proportion of available freshwater resources
- Life expectancy at birth, total (years)
- Literacy rate, adult total (% of people ages 15 and above)
- Mammal species, threatened
- Methane (CH4) emissions (total) excluding LULUCF (% change from 1990)
- Methane (CH4) emissions (total) excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e)
- Methane (CH4) emissions from Agriculture (Mt CO2e)
- Methane (CH4) emissions from Building (Energy) (Mt CO2e)
- Methane (CH4) emissions from Fugitive Emissions (Energy) (Mt CO2e)
- Methane (CH4) emissions from Industrial Combustion (Energy) (Mt CO2e)
- Methane (CH4) emissions from Industrial Processes (Mt CO2e)
- Methane (CH4) emissions from Power Industry (Energy) (Mt CO2e)
- Methane (CH4) emissions from Transport (Energy) (Mt CO2e)
- Methane (CH4) emissions from Waste (Mt CO2e)
- Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births)
- National comprehensive wealth index (real chained 2019 US$)
- National comprehensive wealth per capita index (real chained 2019 US$)
- Net migration
- Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions (total) excluding LULUCF (% change from 1990)
- Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions (total) excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e)
- Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Agriculture (Mt CO2e)
- Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Building (Energy) (Mt CO2e)
- Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Fugitive Emissions (Energy) (Mt CO2e)
- Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Industrial Combustion (Energy) (Mt CO2e)
- Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Industrial Processes (Mt CO2e)
- Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Power Industry (Energy) (Mt CO2e)
- Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Transport (Energy) (Mt CO2e)
- Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Waste (Mt CO2e)
- Nonrenewable natural capital per capita, coal (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital per capita, metals and minerals, sub-index, total (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital per capita, metals and minerals: bauxite (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital per capita, metals and minerals: cobalt (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital per capita, metals and minerals: copper (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital per capita, metals and minerals: gold (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital per capita, metals and minerals: iron ore (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital per capita, metals and minerals: lead (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital per capita, metals and minerals: lithium (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital per capita, metals and minerals: molybdenum (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital per capita, metals and minerals: nickel (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital per capita, metals and minerals: phosphate (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital per capita, metals and minerals: silver (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital per capita, metals and minerals: tin (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital per capita, metals and minerals: zinc (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital per capita, natural gas (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital per capita, oil (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital per capita, total (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital, coal (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital, metals and minerals, sub-index, total (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital, metals and minerals: bauxite (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital, metals and minerals: cobalt (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital, metals and minerals: copper (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital, metals and minerals: gold (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital, metals and minerals: iron ore (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital, metals and minerals: lead (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital, metals and minerals: lithium (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital, metals and minerals: molybdenum (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital, metals and minerals: nickel (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital, metals and minerals: phosphate (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital, metals and minerals: silver (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital, metals and minerals: tin (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital, metals and minerals: zinc (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital, natural gas (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital, oil (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital, total (real chained 2019 US$)
- PM2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure (micrograms per cubic meter)
- Patent applications, residents
- People using safely managed drinking water services (% of population) Scorecard
- People using safely managed sanitation services (% of population) Scorecard
- Political Stability - Governance estimate (approx. -2.5 to +2.5)
- Population ages 65 and above (% of total population)
- Population density (people per sq. km of land area)
- Population growth (annual %)
- Population, total
- Poverty headcount ratio at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP) (% of population) Scorecard
- Poverty headcount ratio at $8.30 a day (2021 PPP) (% of population) Scorecard
- Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population)
- Prevalence of overweight (% of adults)
- Prevalence of undernourishment (% of population)
- Primary Forest Loss
- Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group)
- Produced capital (real chained 2019 US$)
- Produced capital per capita (real chained 2019 US$)
- Proportion of bodies of water with good ambient water quality
- Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
- Prosperity gap (average shortfall from a prosperity standard of $28/day) Scorecard
- Ratio of female to male labor force participation rate (%) (modeled ILO estimate)
- Regulatory Quality - Governance estimate (approx. -2.5 to +2.5)
- Renewable electricity output (% of total electricity output)
- Renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption)
- Renewable natural capital per capita, agricultural land (real chained 2019 US$)
- Renewable natural capital per capita, fisheries (real chained 2019 US$)
- Renewable natural capital per capita, forest recreation, hunting and fishing services (real chained 2019 US$)
- Renewable natural capital per capita, forest water ecosystem services (real chained 2019 US$)
- Renewable natural capital per capita, hydropower energy (real chained 2019 US$)
- Renewable natural capital per capita, mangroves (real chained 2019 US$)
- Renewable natural capital per capita, nonwood forest protection ecosystem services (real chained 2019 US$)
- Renewable natural capital per capita, timber (real chained 2019 US$)
- Renewable natural capital per capita, total (real chained 2019 US$)
- Renewable natural capital, agricultural land (real chained 2019 US$)
- Renewable natural capital, fisheries (real chained 2019 US$)
- Renewable natural capital, forest recreation, hunting and fishing services (real chained 2019 US$)
- Renewable natural capital, forest water ecosystem services (real chained 2019 US$)
- Renewable natural capital, hydropower energy (real chained 2019 US$)
- Renewable natural capital, mangroves (real chained 2019 US$)
- Renewable natural capital, nonwood forest protection ecosystem services (real chained 2019 US$)
- Renewable natural capital, timber (real chained 2019 US$)
- Renewable natural capital, total (real chained 2019 US$)
- Research and development expenditure (% of GDP)
- Rule of Law - Governance estimate (approx. -2.5 to +2.5)
- School enrollment, primary (% gross)
- School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI)
- Scientific and technical journal articles
- Share of youth not in education, employment or training, female (% of female youth population) (modeled ILO estimate) Scorecard
- Share of youth not in education, employment or training, total (% of youth population) (modeled ILO estimate) Scorecard
- Standardised Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index
- Surface area (sq. km)
- Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) Scorecard
- Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (% change from 1990)
- Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e)
- Total greenhouse gas emissions including LULUCF (Mt CO2e) Scorecard
- Total greenhouse gas emissions per capita excluding LULUCF (t CO2e/capita)
- Tree Cover Loss
- Unemployment, total (% of total labor force) (modeled ILO estimate)
- Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15-49)
- Voice and Accountability - Governance estimate (approx. -2.5 to +2.5)
- Wage and salaried workers, female (% of female employment) (modeled ILO estimate) Scorecard
- Wage and salaried workers, total (% of total employment) (modeled ILO estimate) Scorecard
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Indicator details
Field
Value
License Type
CC BY-4.0
Indicator Name
Fertility rate, total (births per woman)
Long definition
Total fertility rate represents the number of children that would be born to a woman if she were to live to the end of her childbearing years and bear children in accordance with age-specific fertility rates of the specified year.
Source
World Population Prospects, United Nations (UN), publisher: UN Population Division;
Statistical databases and publications from national statistical offices, National statistical offices;
Demographic Statistics, Eurostat (ESTAT)
Topic
Health: Reproductive health
Unit of measure
Births per woman
Periodicity
Annual
Aggregation method
Weighted average
Statistical concept and methodology
Methodology: Total fertility rate is the sum of the age-specific fertility rates (multiplied by five, if the age-specific fertility rates are for 5-year age groups).
Statistical concept(s): Total fertility rates are based on data on registered live births from vital registration systems or, in the absence of such systems, from censuses or sample surveys. The estimated rates are generally considered reliable measures of fertility in the recent past. Where no empirical information on age-specific fertility rates is available, a model is used to estimate the share of births to adolescents. For countries without reliable vital registration systems fertility rates are generally based on extrapolations from trends observed in censuses or surveys from earlier years.
Development relevance
Reproductive health is a state of physical and mental well-being in relation to the reproductive system and its functions and processes. Means of achieving reproductive health include education and services during pregnancy and childbirth, safe and effective contraception, and prevention and treatment of sexually transmitted diseases. Complications of pregnancy and childbirth are the leading cause of death and disability among women of reproductive age in developing countries.
Limitations and exceptions
Annual data series from United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects are interpolated data from 5-year period data. Therefore they may not reflect real events as much as observed data.
Other notes
Relevance to gender indicator: it can indicate the status of women within households and a woman’s decision about the number and spacing of children.
License URL
https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/public-licenses#cc-by