Indicator Explorer
Search indicator
- Access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking (% of population)
- Access to electricity (% of population) Scorecard
- Access to electricity, rural (% of rural population)
- Adjusted savings, natural resources depletion (% of GNI)
- Adjusted savings, net forest depletion (% of GNI)
- Agricultural land (% of land area)
- Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP)
- Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources)
- Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions (total) excluding LULUCF (% change from 1990)
- Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions (total) excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e)
- Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions excluding LULUCF per capita (t CO2e/capita)
- Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions excluding LULUCF per capita (t CO2e/capita)
- Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Agriculture (Mt CO2e)
- Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Building (Energy) (Mt CO2e)
- Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Fugitive Emissions (Energy) (Mt CO2e)
- Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Industrial Combustion (Energy) (Mt CO2e)
- Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Industrial Processes (Mt CO2e)
- Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Power Industry (Energy) (Mt CO2e)
- Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Transport (Energy) (Mt CO2e)
- Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Waste (Mt CO2e)
- Carbon dioxide (CO2) net fluxes from LULUCF - Deforestation (Mt CO2e)
- Carbon dioxide (CO2) net fluxes from LULUCF - Forest Land (Mt CO2e)
- Carbon dioxide (CO2) net fluxes from LULUCF - Organic Soil (Mt CO2e)
- Carbon dioxide (CO2) net fluxes from LULUCF - Other Land (Mt CO2e)
- Carbon dioxide (CO2) net fluxes from LULUCF - Total excluding non-tropical fires (Mt CO2e)
- Carbon intensity of GDP (kg CO2e per 2021 PPP $)
- Carbon intensity of GDP (kg CO2e per constant 2021 US$ of GDP)
- Cause of death, by communicable diseases and maternal, prenatal and nutrition conditions (% of total)
- Children in employment, total (% of children ages 7-14)
- Coastal protection
- Control of Corruption - Governance estimate (approx. -2.5 to +2.5)
- Cooling Degree Days
- Domestic comprehensive wealth index (real chained 2019 US$)
- Domestic comprehensive wealth per capita index (real chained 2019 US$)
- Economic and Social Rights Performance Score
- Electricity production from coal sources (% of total)
- Energy imports, net (% of energy use)
- Energy intensity level of primary energy (MJ/$2021 PPP GDP)
- Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita)
- Fertility rate, total (births per woman)
- Fluorinated greenhouse gases (F-gases) emissions from Industrial Processes (Mt CO2e)
- Food production index (2014-2016 = 100)
- Foreign assets (real chained 2019 US$)
- Foreign assets per capita (real chained 2019 US$)
- Foreign liabilities (real chained 2019 US$)
- Foreign liabilities per capita (real chained 2019 US$)
- Forest area (% of land area)
- Fossil fuel energy consumption (% of total)
- GDP (annual % growth)
- GDP (annual % growth)
- GDP (current US$)
- GDP per capita (current US$)
- Gini index Scorecard
- Government Effectiveness - Governance estimate (approx. -2.5 to +2.5)
- Government expenditure on education, total (% of government expenditure)
- Heat Index 35
- Heating Degree Days
- Hospital beds (per 1,000 people)
- Human capital (real chained 2019 US$)
- Human capital index plus (HCI+): overall score, total (scale 0–325)
- Human capital per capita (real chained 2019 US$)
- Human capital per capita, female (real chained 2019 US$)
- Human capital per capita, male (real chained 2019 US$)
- Human capital, female (real chained 2019 US$)
- Human capital, male (real chained 2019 US$)
- Income share held by lowest 20%
- Individuals using the Internet (% of population) Scorecard
- Inflation, consumer prices (annual % growth)
- Labor force participation rate, total (% of total population ages 15-64) (modeled ILO estimate)
- Land Surface Temperature
- Level of water stress: freshwater withdrawal as a proportion of available freshwater resources
- Life expectancy at birth, total (years)
- Literacy rate, adult total (% of people ages 15 and above)
- Mammal species, threatened
- Methane (CH4) emissions (total) excluding LULUCF (% change from 1990)
- Methane (CH4) emissions (total) excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e)
- Methane (CH4) emissions from Agriculture (Mt CO2e)
- Methane (CH4) emissions from Building (Energy) (Mt CO2e)
- Methane (CH4) emissions from Fugitive Emissions (Energy) (Mt CO2e)
- Methane (CH4) emissions from Industrial Combustion (Energy) (Mt CO2e)
- Methane (CH4) emissions from Industrial Processes (Mt CO2e)
- Methane (CH4) emissions from Power Industry (Energy) (Mt CO2e)
- Methane (CH4) emissions from Transport (Energy) (Mt CO2e)
- Methane (CH4) emissions from Waste (Mt CO2e)
- Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births)
- National comprehensive wealth index (real chained 2019 US$)
- National comprehensive wealth per capita index (real chained 2019 US$)
- Net migration
- Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions (total) excluding LULUCF (% change from 1990)
- Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions (total) excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e)
- Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Agriculture (Mt CO2e)
- Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Building (Energy) (Mt CO2e)
- Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Fugitive Emissions (Energy) (Mt CO2e)
- Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Industrial Combustion (Energy) (Mt CO2e)
- Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Industrial Processes (Mt CO2e)
- Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Power Industry (Energy) (Mt CO2e)
- Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Transport (Energy) (Mt CO2e)
- Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Waste (Mt CO2e)
- Nonrenewable natural capital per capita, coal (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital per capita, metals and minerals, sub-index, total (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital per capita, metals and minerals: bauxite (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital per capita, metals and minerals: cobalt (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital per capita, metals and minerals: copper (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital per capita, metals and minerals: gold (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital per capita, metals and minerals: iron ore (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital per capita, metals and minerals: lead (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital per capita, metals and minerals: lithium (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital per capita, metals and minerals: molybdenum (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital per capita, metals and minerals: nickel (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital per capita, metals and minerals: phosphate (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital per capita, metals and minerals: silver (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital per capita, metals and minerals: tin (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital per capita, metals and minerals: zinc (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital per capita, natural gas (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital per capita, oil (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital per capita, total (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital, coal (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital, metals and minerals, sub-index, total (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital, metals and minerals: bauxite (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital, metals and minerals: cobalt (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital, metals and minerals: copper (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital, metals and minerals: gold (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital, metals and minerals: iron ore (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital, metals and minerals: lead (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital, metals and minerals: lithium (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital, metals and minerals: molybdenum (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital, metals and minerals: nickel (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital, metals and minerals: phosphate (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital, metals and minerals: silver (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital, metals and minerals: tin (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital, metals and minerals: zinc (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital, natural gas (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital, oil (real chained 2019 US$)
- Nonrenewable natural capital, total (real chained 2019 US$)
- PM2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure (micrograms per cubic meter)
- Patent applications, residents
- People using safely managed drinking water services (% of population) Scorecard
- People using safely managed sanitation services (% of population) Scorecard
- Political Stability - Governance estimate (approx. -2.5 to +2.5)
- Population ages 65 and above (% of total population)
- Population density (people per sq. km of land area)
- Population growth (annual %)
- Population, total
- Poverty headcount ratio at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP) (% of population) Scorecard
- Poverty headcount ratio at $8.30 a day (2021 PPP) (% of population) Scorecard
- Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population)
- Prevalence of overweight (% of adults)
- Prevalence of undernourishment (% of population)
- Primary Forest Loss
- Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group)
- Produced capital (real chained 2019 US$)
- Produced capital per capita (real chained 2019 US$)
- Proportion of bodies of water with good ambient water quality
- Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
- Prosperity gap (average shortfall from a prosperity standard of $28/day) Scorecard
- Ratio of female to male labor force participation rate (%) (modeled ILO estimate)
- Regulatory Quality - Governance estimate (approx. -2.5 to +2.5)
- Renewable electricity output (% of total electricity output)
- Renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption)
- Renewable natural capital per capita, agricultural land (real chained 2019 US$)
- Renewable natural capital per capita, fisheries (real chained 2019 US$)
- Renewable natural capital per capita, forest recreation, hunting and fishing services (real chained 2019 US$)
- Renewable natural capital per capita, forest water ecosystem services (real chained 2019 US$)
- Renewable natural capital per capita, hydropower energy (real chained 2019 US$)
- Renewable natural capital per capita, mangroves (real chained 2019 US$)
- Renewable natural capital per capita, nonwood forest protection ecosystem services (real chained 2019 US$)
- Renewable natural capital per capita, timber (real chained 2019 US$)
- Renewable natural capital per capita, total (real chained 2019 US$)
- Renewable natural capital, agricultural land (real chained 2019 US$)
- Renewable natural capital, fisheries (real chained 2019 US$)
- Renewable natural capital, forest recreation, hunting and fishing services (real chained 2019 US$)
- Renewable natural capital, forest water ecosystem services (real chained 2019 US$)
- Renewable natural capital, hydropower energy (real chained 2019 US$)
- Renewable natural capital, mangroves (real chained 2019 US$)
- Renewable natural capital, nonwood forest protection ecosystem services (real chained 2019 US$)
- Renewable natural capital, timber (real chained 2019 US$)
- Renewable natural capital, total (real chained 2019 US$)
- Research and development expenditure (% of GDP)
- Rule of Law - Governance estimate (approx. -2.5 to +2.5)
- School enrollment, primary (% gross)
- School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI)
- Scientific and technical journal articles
- Share of youth not in education, employment or training, female (% of female youth population) (modeled ILO estimate) Scorecard
- Share of youth not in education, employment or training, total (% of youth population) (modeled ILO estimate) Scorecard
- Standardised Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index
- Surface area (sq. km)
- Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) Scorecard
- Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (% change from 1990)
- Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e)
- Total greenhouse gas emissions including LULUCF (Mt CO2e) Scorecard
- Total greenhouse gas emissions per capita excluding LULUCF (t CO2e/capita)
- Tree Cover Loss
- Unemployment, total (% of total labor force) (modeled ILO estimate)
- Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15-49)
- Voice and Accountability - Governance estimate (approx. -2.5 to +2.5)
- Wage and salaried workers, female (% of female employment) (modeled ILO estimate) Scorecard
- Wage and salaried workers, total (% of total employment) (modeled ILO estimate) Scorecard
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Indicator details
Field
Value
License Type
CC BY-4.0
Indicator Name
Control of Corruption - Governance estimate (approx. -2.5 to +2.5)
Long definition
Control of Corruption (CC) captures perceptions of the extent to which public power is used for private gain, including both petty and grand corruption, as well as capture of the state by elites and private interests. Governance estimate from the aggregation model, in units of a standard normal distribution, i.e. ranging from approximately -2.5 to 2.5. Larger values correspond to better governance.
Source
Detailed documentation of the WGI, interactive tools for exploring the data, and full access to the underlying source data available at www.govindicators.org. Worldwide Governance Indicators, 2025 Revision, World Bank (www.govindicators.org), Accessed on 12/15/2025. And: World Bank (2025). “The Worldwide Governance Indicators: Revised Methodology for Measuring Governance Using Perception Data.” Washington, DC: World Bank Group. The 2025 revision builds upon the original WGI methodology which was introduced in 1999 and summarized by the following paper: Kaufmann, Daniel & Aart C. Kraay. (2024). “The Worldwide Governance Indicators: Methodology and 2024 Update.” Policy Research Working Paper. Washington, DC: World Bank Group.
Topic
Control of Corruption
Periodicity
Annual
Aggregation method
Indicators, from the underlying data sources, are aggregated using the Unobserved Components Model (UCM). The UCM is essentially a weighted average, resulting in a governance estimate at the country level.
Other notes
The following are the key steps:
STEP 1: Assigning indicators from the underlying sources to the six governance dimensions. Individual questions or variables from the underlying data sources are mapped to up to two of the six governance dimensions.
STEP 2: Rescaling the individual source data to range from 0 to 1. Each question from the underlying data sources is rescaled to range from 0 to 1, with higher values corresponding to better governance outcomes.
STEP 3: Using an Unobserved Components Model to construct a governance estimate for each dimension by taking a weighted average of the source-by-dimension data. To aggregate data across multiple sources, the WGI uses a statistical technique known as an Unobserved Components Model (UCM).
STEP 4: Transforming the UCM-generated governance estimates to a 0–100 absolute governance score. The WGI transform the governance estimates for each country, year, and dimension—typically ranging from approximately –2.5 to 2.5 —into absolute scores on a 0–100 scale, with 100 representing the best absolute governance performance.
The following is a summary of the methodology:
https://www.worldbank.org/en/publication/worldwide-governance-indicators/documentation#3
The following is detailed description of the methodology:
https://www.worldbank.org/content/dam/sites/govindicators/doc/The%20Worldwide%20Governance%20Indicators%202025%20Methodology%20Revision.pdf
License URL
https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/public-licenses#cc-by